React, instead, being focused only on the View, is based on the concept of components, which are the different pieces that compose a page. You may be used to patterns like MVC or MVVM, which goal is to separate the UI from the business logic so that you can make your application easier to test, maintain and evolve. What makes React peculiar (and not so easy to understand at the beginning if you're coming from traditional client-side development for Windows, like me) is the different development approach. You need to rely on plain old JavaScript (or TypeScript, if you prefer) or on 3rd party libraries to achieve these goals. It isn't a fully fledged framework like jQuery or Angular, which have an opinion on everything and, as such, they provide lot of features to perform all the kind of tasks, from HTML templates to APIs to handle HTTP requests. Unlike other frameworks like Vue.js or Angular, React focuses only on the View component of a web application.
This framework, built by Facebook, is becoming more and more popular to build client-side web experiences. If you're familiar with web development, you'll know for sure React.
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